Statement of purpose Personal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Of direction - Personal Statement Example I accept that if one somehow happened to solicit any from my companions to depict me, the main thing that would strike a chord is that I am a proactive, mindful and an aspiring lady. I have consistently believed that one of my most distinctive characteristics is the positive vitality in me. I generally attempt to drive things further to receive the best in return. In any event, when once in a while I thought I fizzled, I could just glance at the disappointment as one more opportunity to make things far and away superior. As I would like to think, my youngsters are what moves me the most to be like this. Being a mother of five is unquestionably not a simple undertaking and requires all the aptitudes on the planet. I trust I am family arranged. With this firsthand experience, I regard myself all around fit for the guiding and brain research field. The aptitudes from my background have allowed me a chance to help individuals who are confronted with different mental issues. I did my undergrad concentrates in sociologies. Nonetheless, I have consistently thought of the executives and administration to be significant in all parts of life. It is significant in little families as much for what it's worth in large organizations. My grandma used to state what I generally thought of as an incredible saying, which goes something like â€Å"Governance is the salt of the earth†. I have chosen to apply for a MBA degree since I trust it would direct me in the correct way and give me the aptitudes that I have to enter the universe of business. I have consistently felt that I have the characteristics of a pioneer, and all I need is the information on the most proficient method to execute those characteristics for the headway of any business. I accept that the blend of various fields of study with energy is basic for directing. The abilities that I have obtained through my experience give a trustworthy stage to me to examine guiding. On the off chance that I am allowed the chance to seek after this course, I will apply a similar assurance in finishing it as well as could be expected. In my nation, Saudi Arabia, there is a major thought

Importance of Internal Communication-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Talk about the Internal Communication challenges and the issues that the organization faces. Answer: Presentation: authoritative foundation The working environment and the workplace nowadays are changing and brings about more tightly plan, longer working hours, more noteworthy remaining burden, extreme rivalry and so forth. The idea of the working environment and the general condition makes a weight on the representatives and the general association to work in groups. The collaboration additionally calls for better correspondence at the inward level (Karanges, et al. 2015). This is the investigation that manages the correspondence challenges that the organization faces and these difficulties are concentrated to the interior condition of the organization. As this is the organization having different specialty units along these lines it requires a solid correspondence channel to impart. The correspondence stations that the organization is utilizing are phones, messages, notice sheets, handouts and up close and personal gatherings. It is required to break down these correspondence channels with the goal that the shortcoming in the equivalent can be distinguished. The recognizable proof of the shortcoming helps in making the improvement in the previously existing inside correspondence channels. Business issues: The business issue that is recognized in this organization is identified with non-compelling inside correspondence. It has been talked about that the business works with six specialty units and accordingly require extraordinary correspondence channel. It has been understood that the organization is utilizing different channels yet at the same time confronting a portion of the provokes that should be confront and overwhelmed by the organization to improve the things at the working environment (Men, 2014). This is on the grounds that the wasteful correspondence doesn't influence the representatives yet in addition influences their exhibition and the inspiration level to perform for the organization. It has been investigated that the greater part of the individuals in the association feel inspired when there is compelling correspondence inside the association. This is on the grounds that the association has numerous specialty units and it is required to convey the data starting with one unit then onto the next. As talked about that the organization has numerous specialty units and their work is additionally adjusted in this manner it is required to have a superior correspondence between all the specialty units. Writing survey: People are the social creatures and accordingly they need to speak with one another. For this correspondence, the individuals have built up the dialects as the methods for sharing their view and the conclusions (Welch, 2015). Obstructions to this correspondence can likewise emerge at any of the phases of the correspondence and these boundaries brings about disarray and misconstruing between the two gatherings who are associated with the cooperation. As far as hierarchical perspective, it has been understood that inner correspondence is the significant part of the associations. There is part of data that should be shared among the representatives in the associations. On the off chance that the individual or the worker is acceptable in correspondence, at that point it turns out to be simple for the person to impart their insights and perspectives in the authoritative and this build up a certainty among the representatives if their suppositions are heard cautiously (Malhotra Ackfeldt, 2016). The significant focal point of this case is the inner correspondence that is happening in the association. There will be there significant viewpoints that are shrouded in the writing survey; the first of the interior correspondence, the subsequent one is the inward correspondence estimation and the last one of the inside correspondence channels that has been utilized in the association (Heide Simonsson, 2014). Conversation of all the three sect ions is significant as every one of them are identified with one another and are pertinent to be talked about to investigate the inner correspondence issues. Inward correspondence: Inward correspondence of the association doesn't just incorporate the official correspondence yet in addition incorporates the casual and informal correspondence of the association. Official correspondence in any of the association should be possible according to the arrangements and the strategies of the association. Informal correspondence can be named as the correspondence that manages the discussion or the data sharing procedure that happened between the workers of the organization. The interior correspondence has four measurements in the association (Welch Jackson, 2007). The principal measurement is inner line the board, the subsequent one is inside group peer correspondence, the third one is interior task peer correspondence and the last one is inward corporate correspondence. Interior line the board is the correspondence between the chiefs and their subordinates (Zondi Cassim, 2015). Inward group peer correspondence is the correspondence that is as the group gatherings and co nversations. Inner task peer correspondence is the kind of correspondence that happens between the representatives who works in a solitary undertaking. The last one is the most conventional correspondence that is the inward corporate correspondence. This correspondence occurs between top administration and the representatives of the organization and it is considered as the single direction correspondence (Elving, 2005). These 4 element of the inner correspondence in the association center around turning the data in the al the course and the territories of the examination. Powerful correspondence at the association prompts upgrade in development level of the representatives, improved and expanded profitability and thus brings about association achievement. Inner correspondence the executives: The board of the interior correspondence at the association is the significant angle and the capacity to be directed. Their procedure of the board remembers cooperation of the individuals for the correct course alongside the substance and the correspondence itself. Every one of these viewpoints are legitimately impacted and influenced by the various leveled structure of the organization (Jablin Putnam, 2000). The human capital of the association is the significant apparatus for improving the correspondence. It has been understood that absence of trust is the significant issue that the organization faces from the workers side when any of the correspondence is made. Inner correspondence estimation: So as to break down the issues in the inside correspondence of the association, it is required to quantify the correspondence procedure that is at present being utilized by the organization. It is a lot of significant for the associations that have put as of late in their correspondence gateway or propelled another one (Smidts, Pruyn Van Riel, 2001). The term estimation can be seen by a wide range of perspectives. It has been understood that the correspondence can be estimated with various sides. The one is estimating the representatives as far as their needs and the other one is estimating the yield of the correspondence branch of the organization. This aides in advocating the speculation that has been made on the correspondence procedure. The third one is following of the correspondence channels that have been utilized by the organization. The last estimation should be possible with regards to the substance that is being conveyed or imparted as there ought to be no adjustments in t he substance from the sender to the recipient (Zondi Cassim, 2015). Reviews are considered as the most achievable device for estimating the inward correspondence. Correspondence reviews are corresponding to different reviews and along these lines have a portion of the basic attributes like accumulation of data, improvement of the board framework, and so forth the comparative methodology can be applied in the correspondence review also (Smidts, Pruyn Van Riel, 2001). Alongside the procedure of reviewing, different strategies like overviews of the workers can be led so as to break down the mentality and the conduct of the individuals or the representatives towards the correspondence procedure. It doesn't just aides in estimating the fulfillment level of the representatives additionally quantifies the dedication level of the workers towards the association. Inside correspondence channels: With the headway in the innovation, it has been understood that world is getting little nowadays. The presentation and advances of the innovation alongside the current ones opens a way for the association to utilize equivalent to the inner correspondence directs in the firm. It causes the association to overlook the issues like time and topographical separations. The most widely recognized stations the organizations use are eye to eye gatherings, phone, PC based exchanges and videoconferences (Kalla, 2005). Alongside these four, the organizations can likewise utilize bulletins, fax, announcements, messages and so on for sharing the data. Media extravagance is the significant point that has been talked about in numerous written works nowadays. Effect of poor correspondence: Poor correspondence at the inside degree of the organization influences the individuals and their exhibition a great deal. In the event that there is no compelling correspondence, at that point the activities can't be finished as they are planned to be (Jo Hatch Schultz, 1997). It has been understood that if the various branches of the organization are not in contact with one another and the chiefs are not sharing the data to the subordinates then it turns out to be exceptionally hard for the individuals to work and comprehend the procedure. Notwithstanding it, poor correspondence likewise results in veered off dynamic. Choices making is the most significant piece of the association and if the choice are not right and not being circled appropriately as a result of the poor correspondence then there is no utilization of settling on the choices. It has been broke down that correspondence is the most significant part not just in the association in the general society (Zondi Cassim, 2015 ). This is provided that the viability of the correspondence diminishes then it brings about false impressions. It is required to lead the exploration so as to investigate the issues of correspondence in the association with the goal that the improvement procedures can be executed on the s

Essay Writing Essay Sample Information

Essay Writing Essay Sample InformationIf you are thinking about how to finance your college education, you have probably asked yourself the same question that I did a few years ago. What do you need to do in order to get the money you need to be able to pay for it?There are many ways you can get the money you need to pay for your education, but if you are going to take out a loan to finance it then you are going to need to find some money either through your own efforts or from somebody else. There are many other people who want to go to college too, but they don't have the money to get there. That is why it is so important to find ways to get the money you need to go to school.There are many places you can look when you are trying to figure out how do you plan to finance your college education. You can go to the library or even take out a personal loan or use a student loan, but you will need to have a plan for how you will pay them back.With a loan you might be able to borrow money against your future earnings, but that is not always the best way to plan your finances. Sometimes you might be better off going to a private company and putting down a lump sum as a down payment on your new house. Your interest rate will be higher than you would be with a loan, but it might work out well for you when it comes time to refinancing your mortgage.A student loan is also a good way to start paying for your education, but you might find it difficult to make it work with your current employment situation. It is important to have a plan for how you will pay back the money you take out of your pocket in the first place.If you want to learn more about how you can pay for your education, then you might want to check out the many colleges that offer college essays. If you just choose one and follow the directions that are offered, you should be able to make some pretty decent money. You can make money by writing essays for a number of different institutions, but you should be prepared to write at least fifty essays a semester.If you have a great deal of experience in writing, then you may be able to write for a whole class, or even write your own academic research papers for your college education. You will just need to consider how many people are in your class and what topics you would like to cover. That is how you will be able to find ways to get the money you need to go to school.Whether you are interested in writing essays or research papers for your college education, then check out the many essay writing samples that are available online. When you write a few essays or write your own research papers, you should be able to come up with a few different income opportunities that you might be interested in.

The United States and Its Policy of Promoting Democracy

Promoting democracy abroad has been one of the main elements of US foreign policy for decades. Some critics argue that it is harmful to promote democracy in countries without liberal values because it creates illiberal democracies, which pose grave threats to freedom. Others argue that the foreign policy of promoting democracy abroad fosters economic development in those places, reduces threats to the United Staes at home and creates partners for better economic trade and development.  There are  varying  degrees of democracies ranging from full to limited and even flawed. Democracies can also be authoritarian, meaning that people can vote but have little or no choice in what or whom they vote for. A Foreign Policy 101 Story When rebellion brought down the presidency of Mohammed Morsi in Egypt on July 3, 2013, the United States called for a quick return to order and democracy. Look at these statements from White House Press Secretary Jay Carney on July 8, 2013. During this transitional period, Egypts stability and democratic political order are at stake, and Egypt will not be able to emerge from this crisis unless its people come together to find a nonviolent and inclusive path forward. We remain actively engaged with all sides, and we are committed to supporting the Egyptian people as they seek to salvage their nations democracy. [W]e will work with the transitional Egyptian government to promote a quick and responsible return to a sustainable, democratically elected civilian government. We also call on all political parties and movements to remain engaged in dialogue, and to commit to participating in a political process to hasten the return of full authority to a democratically elected government. Democracy in US Foreign Policy Theres no mistaking that promotion of democracy is one of the cornerstones of American foreign policy. It hasnt always been that way. A democracy, of course, is a government which invests power in its citizens through the franchise, or the right to vote. Democracy comes from Ancient Greece and filtered to the West and the United States through such Enlightenment thinkers as Jean-Jaques Rousseau and John Locke. The United States is a democracy and a republic, meaning that the people speak through elected representatives. At its start, American democracy was not universal: Only white, adult (over 21), property-holding males could vote. The 14th, 15th, 19th  and 26th Amendments--plus a variety of civil rights acts--finally made voting universal in the 20th century. For its first 150 years, the United States was concerned with its own domestic problems--constitutional interpretation, states rights, slavery, expansion--more than it was with world affairs. Then the United States focused on pushing its way onto the world stage in an era of imperialism. But with World War I, the United States began moving in a different direction. Much of President Woodrow Wilsons proposal for a post-war Europe--the Fourteen Points--dealt with national self-determination. That meant imperial powers like France, Germany and Great Britain should divest themselves of their empires, and former colonies should form their own governments. Wilson intended for the United States to lead those newly independent nations into democracies, but Americans were of a different mind. After the carnage of the war, the public wanted only to retreat into isolationism and let Europe work out its own problems. After World War II, however, the United States could no longer retreat into isolationism. It actively promoted democracy, but that was often a hollow phrase that allowed the United States to counter Communism with compliant governments around the globe. Democracy promotion continued after the Cold War. President George W. Bush linked it to the post-9/11 invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. How Is Democracy Promoted? Of course, there are ways of promoting democracy other than warfare. The State Departments website says that it supports and promotes democracy in a variety of areas: Strengthening democratic institutionsSupporting civil societyEnhancing the rule of law and judicial independencePromoting political pluralism and free, fair electoral processesProtecting independent mediaPromoting Internet freedomPromoting human rights for all, including women The programs above are funded and administered through the State Department and USAID. Pros and Cons of Democracy Promotion Proponents of democracy promotion say that it creates stable environments, which in turn fosters strong economies. In theory, the stronger a nations economy and the more educated and empowered its citizenry, the less it needs foreign aid. So, democracy promotion and US foreign aid are creating strong nations around the globe. Opponents say that democracy promotion is just American imperialism by another name. It binds regional allies to the United States with foreign aid incentives, which the United States will withdraw if the country does not progress toward democracy. Those same opponents charge that you cannot force-feed democracy on the people of any nation. If the pursuit of democracy is not homegrown, then is it really democracy?

Polaris Project Combats Human Trafficking - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 702 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/05/07 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Human Trafficking Essay Did you like this example? I think I speak for a majority of us when I say that my parents are immigrants. They moved here in hopes of a life with an excellent education and greater opportunities. In 2009, Natalia arrived in the United States from Ghana, as a young girl under the impression that she would be working part-time for a family and getting an education. Instead, the family that hired her forced her to do housework and watch their children for no pay. Even though they had promised her an education, she was not allowed to register in school, use the phone, or even go outside. One day, a neighbor interfered and called the police, who connected her to Polaris Project, an organization that gave her clothes, a safe place to stay, and enrolled her in a school. Natalia is just one of many victims of human trafficking, which is defined as the action of moving people from one area to another for purposes of forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation. According to the US State Department, over 700,000 people are being trafficked across international borders annually, about 80 percent being female, and about 50 percent, children. Polaris Project is an organization that combats human trafficking in the United States. It was founded in 2002 by college students; their goal was to ultimately eradicate human trafficking, seek active traffickers, and prevent any additional victims. There have been a number of criticisms of their organization; many have questioned both their inability to distinguish actual human trafficking from jobs with poor conditions, and whether or not their reported work is actually done. I believe that while Polaris Project presents itself as a respectable organization that yields effective results, there are many things wrong with the methods they use to achieve them. They are a nonprofit organization with no ties to the government; while not visibly corrupt, Polaris has received continuous critiques from their own employees, from their lack of direction to their absence of meaningful work. One anonymous employee of Polaris Project revealed on the online forum Glass Door that no one seems to know what [they] are working towards as there is no clear vision or ways to measure if [they] are meeting [their] goals. Another claimed that employees are forced to work hard, but not on something that is really going to make a difference in the world. These testaments establish that the work that is done is often unnecessary or even harmful. In 2012, Polaris shut down an online advertisement site called Backpage, which is similar to the website Craigslist, claiming that it aided human trafficking because it held advertisements that offered sexual services. Though illegal, these were most likely from consenting adults, not trafficking victims, and many say that this would only spread the advertisements to other, less regulated websites. Their work was not only useless, as it only shut down the website while doing nothing abo ut the apparent victims of the advertisements, but it also prevented law enforcement agencies from using the website to identify and trace illegal activities, as they had done before. Some of their methods are controversial, but they must be workingPolaris has a variety of survivor stories on their organization website, each one telling a victims story and how they managed to help them. If there are so many happy endings, then the ends should justify the means. Unfortunately, none of these stories are backed with any evidence. Polaris could easily be fabricating stories to gain sympathy from an audience. In fact, they have been accused of misrepresenting evidence numerous times. In the past, they inflated the number of trafficked sex workers, understated the age at which they entered the trade, and used false data to misrepresent the amount of and the income of sex workers. The only source they had referenced was their own organization, the National Human Trafficking Resource Center. Polaris Project provokes thought in many of us. Their goals are certainly admirable, but when their methods of achieving said goals are so flawed, what good is admiration? I do believe that this organization was founded with good intentions. But recent testaments of employees and their repeated offenses of lying to their audiences confirm our suspicions that they are untrustworthy. CONCLUDING SENTENCE? Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Polaris Project Combats Human Trafficking" essay for you Create order

Health and Social Care Unit 5 - 1111 Words

Unit 5 Principles of Safeguarding and Protection in health and social care 1.1, 1.2 Physical Abuse Physical abuse is abuse involving contact intended to cause feelings of intimidation, pain, injury, or other physical suffering or bodily harm.. Physical abuse includes... * Hitting / slapping / kicking * Pushing * Pinching * Force feeding * Burning / scalding * Misuse of medication or restraint * Catheterisation for the convenience of staff * Refusing access to toilet facilities * Leaving people in wet or soiled clothing or bedding Signs and symptoms of physical abuse... * Multiple bruising or finger marks * Fractures/dislocations * Scratches or cuts * Pressure sores * Black eyes†¦show more content†¦Signs and symptoms of institutional abuse... * Inability to make choices or decisions * Dirty clothing/bed linen * Un-homely living conditions Self neglect Self neglect is where individuals place themselves at risk of harm and potential danger. Self neglect abuse includes... * Increasing infirmity * Physical illness or disability * Memory and concentration problems * Sensory loss or difficulty * Mental illness and mental health problems * Learning difficulties/disabilities * Alcohol and drug misuse problems * A different set of priorities and perspectives Signs and symptoms of Self neglect abuse... * Loss of weight * living environment is dirty and unhygienic * pressure sores * dehydration * malnutrition Neglect by others Neglect by others occurs when either a support worker or a family or friend carer fails to meet someone’s support needs as they do not realise its importance, or because they cannot be bothered, or choose not to provide it. Neglect by others abuseShow MoreRelatedUnit 5 Health and Social Care Essay1298 Words   |  6 PagesUnit 5 P4, M1 and D1 This essay will explain the physiologies of the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system and how they work in the metabolism of energy in the body. 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It is used for highRead MoreUnit 5: Anatomy and Physiology for Health and Social Care Essay2458 Words   |  10 PagesBtec Level: 3 in Health and Social Care Unit 5: Anatomy and physiology for Health and Social Care Assessor: F. Mansell Task2: The main tissue types of the body and the role these play in two named organs of the body. P2: Outline the structure of the main tissues of the body There are many different types of cells in the human body. These cells would not be able to function on their own, they are all part of a large organism that is called - you. The two named organs that I have chosen forRead MoreUnit 5 Principles of Safeguarding and Protection in Health and Social Care2796 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿Principles of Safeguarding and Protection in Health and Social Care, Unit 5. There are many forms of abuse but are usually classified under five main headings, physical, sexual, psychological, financial and institutional. 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Later on in this task I will be analysing how ATP is used in muscle action, protein production and how we as mammals use the energy released as heat. * Fight infections * MovementRead MoreEssay Unit 504 level 5 in health and social care2042 Words   |  9 PagesUnit: 504: Develop health and safety and risk management policies procedures and practices in health and social care (M1) 1.1 - Explain the legislative framework for health, safety and risk management in the work setting. The Health and safety at Work etc. Act 1974 is the major piece of the health and safety legislation in Great Britain. It provides the legal framework to promote, stimulate and encourage high standards. The Act, when first introduced, provided an integrated system dealing withRead MoreLevel 3 Health and Social Care, Unit 5 P22943 Words   |  12 PagesUnit 5 P2 Explain what they are, their functions and where they are found. Then go into detail about two organs, with their functions, what tissues they are made of and where they are found in the body. Tissues: Tissues are groups of similar cells that have specific functions. In this piece of work I’ll talk about these types of cells: Epithelial Tissues: Epithelial are the lining of internal and external surfaces and body cavities, including tubes/channels (ducts) carrying secretions from glandsRead MoreAssignment Brief to Break Down Unit 5 Health and Social Care Level 11545 Words   |  7 PagesBTEC Extended Diploma Level 3 Assignment Brief Course Title: Extended Diploma Level 3 in Health and Social Care Unit : 5 Assignment Title: Anatomy Physiology Scenario/Vocational Context: This unit introduces core knowledge of cellular structure and function, and the organisation of the body as a whole, and then builds on this to develop a more detailed knowledge of the fine anatomy and physiology of the systems involved in energy metabolism. Functional Skills Development: This assignmentRead MoreEssay Unit 5 P3 Btec Level 3 Health and Social Care1080 Words   |  5 PagesMain body system Cardiovascular system The cardiovascular system has three main functions: ïÆ'Ëœ Transport- Transportation of oxygen, nutrients and hormones to cells and removal of metabolic wastes such as carbon dioxide, heat and nitrogenous wastes. ïÆ'Ëœ Regulation- Of body temperature, fluid pH and water content of cells ïÆ'Ëœ Protection- By white blood cells, antibodies and complement proteins that circulate in blood and defend again foreign microbes and toxins. Also white blood cells clot whenRead Morenvq level 5 leadership and management in health and social care unit 11041 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Unit 1 Use and develop systems that promote communication (F/602/2335 1.Be able to address the range of communication requirements in own role 1.1 Review the range of groups and individuals whose communication needs must be addressed in own job role Being able to communicate effectively builds trust, respect, enhances learning and accomplishes goals. Within my job role the level of communication I have to uphold has to be one of paramount importance.    I have a role of great responsibility

Natural Disaster free essay sample

The resulting loss depends on the vulnerability of the affected population to resist the hazard, also called their resilience. This understanding is concentrated in the formulation: disasters occur when hazards meet vulnerability. A natural hazard will hence never result in a natural disaster in areas without vulnerability, e. g. strong earthquakes in uninhabited areas. The term natural has consequently been disputed because the events simply are not hazards or disasters without human involvement. A concrete example of the division between a natural hazard and a natural disaster is that the 1906 San Francisco earthquake was a disaster, whereas earthquakes are a hazard. This article gives an introduction to notable natural disasters, refer to the list of natural disasters for a comprehensive listing. Geological disasters Earthquakes An earthquake is a sudden shake of the Earths crust caused by the tectonic plates colliding. The vibrations may vary in magnitude. The underground point of origin of the earthquake is called the focus. The point directly above the focus on the surface is called theepicenter. Earthquakes by themselves rarely kill people or wildlife. It is usually the secondary events that they trigger, such as building collapse, fires, tsunamis (seismic sea waves) and volcanoes, that are actually the human disaster. Many of these could possibly be avoided by better construction, safety systems, early warning and evacuation planning. Earthquakes are caused by the discharge of energy accumulated along geologic fault. Some of the most significant earthquakes in recent times include: * The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, the third largest earthquake in recorded history, registering a moment magnitude of 9. -9. 3. The huge tsunamis triggered by this earthquake cost the lives of at least 229,000 people. * The 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami registered a moment magnitude of 9. 0. The death toll from the earthquake and tsunami is over 13,000, and over 12,000 people are still missing. * The 8. 8 magnitude February 27, 2010 Chile earthquake and tsunami cost 525 lives. * The 7. 9 magnitude May 12, 2008 Sichuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, China. Death toll at over 61,150 as of May 27, 2008. * The 7. 7 magnitude July 2006 Java earthquake, which also triggered tsunamis. Kashmir earthquake, which cost 79,000 lives in Pakistan. Volcanic eruptions (S. C. S) Volcanoes can cause widespread destruction and consequent disaster through several ways. The effects include the volcanic eruption itself that may cause harm following the explosion of the volcano or the fall of rock. Second, lava may be produced during the eruption of a volcano. As it leaves the volcano, the lava destroys many buildings and plants it encounters. Third, volcanic ash generally meaning the cooled ash may form a cloud, and settle thickly in nearby locations. When mixed with water this forms a concrete-like material. In sufficient quantity ash may cause roofs to collapse under its weight but even small quantities will harm humans if inhaled. Since the ash has the consistency of ground glass it causes abrasion damage to moving parts such as engines. The main killer of humans in the immediate surroundings of a volcanic eruption is the pyroclastic flows, which consist of a cloud of hot volcanic ash which builds up in the air above the volcano and rushes down the slopes when the eruption no longer supports the lifting of the gases. It is believed that Pompeii was destroyed by a pyroclastic flow. A lahar is a volcanic mudflow or landslide. The 1953 Tangiwai disaster was caused by a lahar, as was the 1985 Armero tragedy in which the town of Armero was buried and an estimated 23,000 people were killed. A specific type of volcano is the supervolcano. According to the Toba catastrophe theory 70 to 75 thousand years ago a super volcanic event at Lake Toba reduced the human population to 10,000 or even 1,000 breeding pairs creating a bottleneck in human evolution. It also killed three quarters of all plant life in the northern hemisphere. The main danger from a super volcano is the immense cloud of ash which has a disastrous global effect on climate and temperature for many years. Hydrological disasters Floods A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land. [1] The EU Floods directive defines a flood as a temporary covering by water of land not normally covered by water. [2] In the sense of flowing water, the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Flooding may result from the volume of water within a body of water, such as a river or lake, which overflows or breaks levees, with the result that some of the water escapes its usual boundaries. 3] While the size of a lake or other body of water will vary with seasonal changes in precipitation and snow melt, it is not a significant flood unless such escapes of water endanger land areas used by man like a village, city or other inhabited area. The Limpopo River, in southern Mozambique, during the 2000 Mozambique flood Some of the most notable floods include: * The Huang He (Yellow River) in China floods particularly often. The Great Flood of 1931 caused between 800,000 and 4,000,000 deaths. * The Great Flood of 1993 was one of the most costly floods in United States history. The 1998 Yangtze River Floods, in China, left 14 million people homeless. * The 2000 Mozambique flood covered much of the country for three weeks, resulting in thousands of deaths, and leaving the country devastated for years afterward. * The 2005 Mumbai floods which destroyed 1094 people. * The 2010 Pakistan floods, damaged crops and the infrastructure, while claiming many lives. Tropical cyclones can result in extensive flooding and storm surge, as happened with: * Bhola Cyclone, which struck East Pakistan. Typhoon Nina, which struck China in 1975, Hurricane Katrina, which struck New Orleans, Louisiana in 2005, and * Cyclone Yasi, which struck Australia in 2011 Limnic eruptions A cow suffocated by gases from Lake Nyos after a limnic eruption A limnic eruption occurs when a gas, usually CO2, suddenly erupts from deep lake water, posing the threat of suffocating wildlife, livestock and humans. Such an eruption may also cause tsunamis in the lake as the rising gas displaces water. Scientists believe landslides, volcanic activity, or explosions can trigger such an eruption. To date, only two limnic eruptions have been observed and recorded: * In 1984, in Cameroon, a limnic eruption in Lake Monoun caused the deaths of 37 nearby residents. * At nearby Lake Nyos in 1986 a much larger eruption killed between 1,700 and 1,800 people by asphyxiation. Tsunamis The tsunami caused by the December 26, 2004, earthquake strikes Ao Nang, Thailand. Tsunamis can be caused by undersea earthquakes as the one caused in Ao Nang, Thailand, by the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake, or by landslides such as the one which occurred at Lituya Bay, Alaska. Ao Nang, Thailand (2004). The 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake created the Boxing Day Tsunami and disaster at this site. * Lituya Bay, Alaska (1953). * 2010 Chile earthquake * On October 26, 2010, a tsunami occurred at Sumatra, Indonesia * On March 11, 2011, a tsunami occurred near Fukushima, Japan and spread through the Pacific. Meteorological disasters Young steer after a blizzard, March 1966 Blizzards Blizzards are severe winter storms characterized by low temperature, strong winds, and heavy snow. The difference between a blizzard and a snow storm is the strength of the wind. To be a considered a blizzard, the storm must have winds in excess of 35 miles per hour, it should reduce the visibility to 1/4 miles, and must last for a prolonged period of 3 hours or more. Ground blizzards require high winds to stir up snow that has already fallen, rather than fresh snowfall. Blizzards have a negative impact on local economics and can terminate the visibility in regions where snowfall is rare. Significant blizzards include: * The Great Blizzard of 1888 in the United States * The 2008 Afghanistan blizzard * The North American blizzard of 1947 The 1972 Iran blizzard resulted in approximately 4,000 deaths and lasted for 5 to 7 days. Cyclonic storms Cyclone, tropical cyclone, hurricane, and typhoon are different names for the same phenomenon a cyclonic storm system that forms over the oceans. The deadliest hurricane ever was the 1970 Bhola cyclone; the deadliest Atlantic hurricane was the Great Hurricane of 1780 which devastated Martinique, St. Eustatius and Barbados. Another notable hurricane is Hurricane Katrina which devastated the Gulf Coast of the United States in 2005. Droughts Well-known historical droughts include: * 1900 India killing between 250,000 and 3. 25 million. * 1921-22 Soviet Union in which over 5 million perished from starvation due to drought * 1928-30 northwest China resulting in over 3 million deaths by famine. * 1936 and 1941 Sichuan Province China resulting in 5 million and 2. 5 million deaths respectively. * As of 2006, states of Australia including South Australia, Western Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory and Queensland had been under drought conditions for five to ten years. The drought is beginning to affect urban area populations for the first time. With the majority of the country under water restrictions. * In 2006, Sichuan Province China experienced its worst drought in modern times with nearly 8 million people and over 7 million cattle facing water shortages. Hailstorms Hailstorms are rain drops that have formed together into ice. A particularly damaging hailstorm hit Munich, Germany, on July 12, 1984, causing about 2 billion dollars in insurance claims. Heat waves The worst heat wave in recent history was the European Heat Wave of 2003. Hurricane Katrina A summer heat wave in Victoria, Australia, created conditions which fuelled the massive bushfires in 2009. Melbourne experienced three days in a row of temperatures exceeding 40Â °C with some regional areas sweltering through much higher temperatures. The bushfires, collectively known as Black Saturday, were partly the act of arsonists. The 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer resulted in severe heat waves, which killed over 2,000 people. It resulted in hundreds of wildfires which causing widespread air pollution, and burned thousands of square miles of forest. Tornadoes A tornado (often referred to as a twister or, erroneously, a cyclone) is a violent, dangerous, rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. Tornadoes come in many shapes and sizes, but are typically in the form of a visible condensation funnel, whose narrow end touches the earth and is often encircled by a cloud of debris and dust. Most tornadoes have wind speeds less than 110 miles per hour (177Â  km/h), are approximately 250 feet (80 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometers) before dissipating. The most extreme can attain wind speeds of more than 300Â  mph (480Â  km/h), stretch more than two miles (3Â  km) across, and stay on the ground for dozens of miles (more than 100Â  km). Fires Wildfires are an uncontrolled fire burning in wildland areas. Common causes include lightning and drought but wildfires may also be started by human negligence or arson. They can be a threat to those in rural areas and also wildlife. Notable cases of wildfires were the 1871 Peshtigo Fire in the United States, which killed at least 1700 people, and the 2009 Victorian bushfires in Australia. Gamma ray burst Gamma ray bursts are the most powerful explosions that occur in the universe. They release an enormous amount of energy in milliseconds or longing for ten seconds. They release the same energy that the Sun would have given in its whole life or even more than that. Gamma ray bursts are not rare events because they occur about once every day and are detected by telescopes both on Earth and in space. Mostly large masses of stars, bigger than the Sun, can produce a GRB. A GRB of distances nearer than 8000 light years may cause a concern to life on Earth. Mainly Wolf-Rayet stars WR 104 can produce GRB. Astronomers do believe that the Ordovician–Silurian extinction, the second most destructive extinction on Earth, might have been due to a GRB. Conclusion International law, for example Geneva Conventions defines International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, requires that States shall take, in accordance with their obligations under international law, including international humanitarian law and international human rights law, all necessary measures to ensure the protection and safety of persons with disabilities in situations of risk, including the occurrence of natural disaster. And further United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs is formed by General Assembly Resolution 44/182. We Hope you like our project.